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Washington Airport was the second major airport to serve the city of Washington, D.C., in the United States. Located in Arlington, Virginia, near the intersection of the Highway Bridge and the Mount Vernon Parkway (where The Pentagon's south parking lots, Metrobus bus bays, and a portion of Interstate-395 now exist).〔Peck, 2005, p. 8.〕 The first airport to serve the city was Hoover Field, a private airfield constructed in 1925. Washington Airport, a private airport triple the size of Hoover Field, was built literally across the road in late 1927. The airfield suffered from short and unpaved runways, numerous life-threatening obstructions around the field, poor visibility (due to a burning garbage dump adjacent to each field), and poor drainage. Washington Airport nearly went bankrupt in 1933, and it was auctioned off to a new owner. The new owner also owned Hoover Field, and merged the two into a single airfield, Washington-Hoover Airport. Washington-Hoover Airport closed in 1941 when Washington National Airport (now Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport), a replacement facility, was opened. ==Hoover Field== (詳細はPhiladelphia Rapid Transit Company (which held the airmail contract between Washington, D.C., and Philadelphia).〔"Field In Arlington to be Air Terminal." ''Washington Post.'' June 28, 1926.〕〔Crouch, 2004, p. 608.〕〔Goode, 2003, p. 460.〕〔Goode, 1989, p. 7.〕 An small expansion of the then-unnamed field led to its rededication on July 16, 1926.〔Goode, 1989, p. 7-8.〕〔"Arlington's Flying Field Is Dedicated." ''Washington Post.'' July 17, 1926.〕 It was given the name Hoover Field in honor of then-Secretary of Commerce Herbert Hoover, a major promoter of civil aviation.〔Leuchtenburg, 2009, p. 54; Walch, 2003, p. 255.〕 Hoover Field suffered from numerous, highly dangerous safety issues, including nearby hills, high-tension electrical power lines near the field, an amusement park to one side, a landfill that was on fire (and which sometimes obscured the field), unpaved sod runways, tall smokestacks blocking the approaches, and more. Almost as soon as it opened, there were calls to close Hoover Field and build a large, modern airport at another location. In February 1927 a group of aviators and aviation companies, led by aviation pioneer Henry Berliner, called for the establishment of a new, larger airport across Military Road (the southern boundary of Hoover Field).〔"Airport Along River Urged by Committee." ''Washington Post.'' February 15, 1927.〕 When this did not immediately occur, Berliner began leasing and then took a majority ownership in Hoover Field.〔"Zihlman Will Seek Permanent Airport at Next Congress." ''Washington Post.'' June 18, 1927; "Berliner to Start Airplane Factory in Alexandria Soon." ''Washington Post.'' August 16, 1927.〕 A fire at Hoover Field on July 3, 1928, destroyed eight planes and the lone hangar, causing $100,000 in damages ($1.275 million in 2010 inflation-adjusted dollars).〔"Planes and Hangar at Hoover Field, Va., Destroyed By Fire." ''Washington Post.'' July 4, 1928.〕 Flights out of Hoover Field were suspended for 18 days.〔"Mount Vernon Airways Buys Potomac Service." ''Washington Post.'' July 21, 1928.〕 Berliner's finances were significantly damaged by the fire, and he sold his interest in Hoover Field to E.W. Robertson's Mount Vernon Airways on July 20, 1928.〔〔Mount Vernon Airways had been incorporated in late January 1928 to build the Hybla Valley Aviation Field near Hybla Valley, Virginia (about eight miles south of Hoover Field). See: Whitman, LeRoy. "Flying and Fliers." ''Washington Post.'' February 5, 1928.〕 Mount Vernon Airways soon sold out to International Airways.〔"Air Travel Urged By Commerce Body." ''Washington Post.'' November 7, 1928.〕〔Coontz, John L. "What Price Airport?" ''Washington Post.'' December 2, 1928.〕 In early 1929, a new holding company, Atlantic Seaboard Airways, took over International Airways and its subsidiary aviation businesses.〔Zukowsky and Bosma, 1996, p. p. 71.〕 But on December 30, 1929, a group of investors led by R.H. Reiffen, chairman of the New Standard Aircraft Company, seized control of Atlantic Seaboard Airways and control of Hoover Field.〔"Aviation Concern Sold." ''New York Times.'' December 31, 1929; "Hoover Field Sold to N.Y. Group." ''Washington Post.'' January 1, 1930.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Washington Airport」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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